Bartending Technique

The Italian Aperitivo Hour: History and the 3-2-1 Spritz Formula

Why Venice Fell in Love with Sparkling Wine, Bitters, and Soda

By Marco Bellini Published: April 02, 2026 5 min read read
The Italian Aperitivo Hour: History and the 3-2-1 Spritz Formula

The Austrian Soldiers Who Started It All

In the 1800s, when the Austro-Hungarian Empire occupied the Veneto region of Northern Italy, the visiting soldiers found local Italian wines too bold and alcoholic compared to their native lighter beers.

They began asking Venetian tavern keepers to spray (in German, "spritzen") a splash of still or sparkling water into their wine glasses to dilute it. Decades later, with the invention of bitter botanical liqueurs in Padua and Venice, the modern Spritz was born.

Today, the golden rule of the Venetian Spritz is the unforgettable 3-2-1 ratio: 3 parts crisp Prosecco DOC, 2 parts bittersweet aperitivo liqueur, and 1 part effervescent club soda.

The Pour Order Rule

Always pour ice first, followed by Prosecco, then the heavier bittersweet liqueur, and finally a splash of soda. Pouring the bubbly Prosecco first ensures natural self-mixing without disturbing carbonation with a spoon.